FAQs

These exogenous compounds must be structurally unique (within a given sample type) and similar (to the native target, from a physicochemical standpoint) as well as resolvable by MS (≥3 Da generally preferred), free from H/D exchange (if D standards are employed), and ideally co-elute (with their native target).

The IS should ideally be added in the first step after mixing/pipetting the sample. This should be identical biochemically to the target analyte and be added precisely to the samples (as well as calibrators and QCs) to ensure recovery/sample variance correction.

The recently published “Bioanalytical Method Validation: Guidance for Industry” document (US FDA, May 2018) outlines the latest recommendations and acceptance criteria for method development, validation, and application as well as documentation and reporting. The bioanalytical methods these pertain to are human clinical studies, which can be used to quantitatively determine the levels of metabolites in biosamples for biomarker analysis, for example.

The tolerance is ±10% for these particular items.

If you have more than ~16 L you may require multiple carboys, please just ask.

No! Fill the bulk carboy container ~80% full. Most are shipped by FedEx Air, and if full, the carboy is likely to expand and possibly rupture the container.

If you have more than ~16 L you may require multiple carboys, please just ask.

No! Fill the bulk carboy container ~80% full. Most are shipped by FedEx Air, and if full, the carboy is likely to expand and possibly rupture the container.

Yes, CIL offers custom synthesis (click here for the form) and also an expansive offering of starting materials and intermediates, if you would like to synthesize your standard of interest (click here for more information).

The symbols adhere to the modified IUPAC nomenclature, as recommended by the glycomics consortium network. This defines the sugar type and its isomers. The representations of common monosaccharides and linkages are shown above (as illustrated in the "Essentials of Glycobiology" reference below).

Our current inventory is 11 pairs, but please inquire if a corresponding analogue of an existing standard is required or a certain new pair is of interest.

We currently offer ~40 N-linked glycans. Please inquire for the availability of other N-glycans.

The glycans can be solubilized in water or a buffered solution to the desired concentration. Standard practices should be adhered to in solubilization (i.e., mix well and spin before opening, aliquot if needed). The neat and solution glycans are stable when stored at ≤-20°C but avoid repeated freeze-thaws when in solution.

Yes, provided they can be synthesized through enzymatic and/or chemical means. Please submit your request to your local sales representative/distributor or complete the on-line custom synthesis form. Required is the structure(s), desired quantities, and labeling pattern(s) (if applicable). We will contact you shortly thereafter regarding its feasibility.

Agmenelum quadriplicatum.

Chlorella vulgaris.

Both media are similar but as they are derived from two different algal strains, they have slight differences. To know which works better for a particular protein of interest, it is recommended to perform a small test experiment first.

Agmenelum quadriplicatum.

Agmenelum quadriplicatum.

Supplied is one vial of a U-¹³C or unlabeled lipid yeast extract and a document package (user manual, CoA, SDS, and product flyer). The user manual contains solution preparation and application example methods along with example analytical results (e.g., from HILIC- and RPLC-MRM/MS). Parameter tables for profiling and targeted MS analysis on example instrument platforms are also provided therein.

An example reconstitution approach involves dissolving the extract in 1 mL solvent (e.g., isopropanol, chloroform) followed by a high-speed vortex and a brief centrifuge. This results in a clear solution.

Measurable classes include glycerolipids (e.g., diglyceride, triglyercide), glycerophospholipids (e.g., phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine), and lysophospholipids (e.g., lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine). Acylcarnitines, cardiolipins, coenzymes, and fatty acids have also been reproducibly measured using MS-based methods. Please refer to CIL's Stable Isotope-Labeled Mixtures, Sets, and Kits catalog for a list of the reproducibly measured fatty acids and lipids.

Agmenelum quadriplicatum

Deuterated DHA (e.g., D₅ catalog no. DLM-10012) and EPA (e.g., D₅ catalog no. DLM-9720) have demonstrated to be effectively solubilized in methanol or ethanol.

In comparison to D labels, ¹³C labels can provide improved isotope stability, negligible isotope scrambling issues, conserved chromatographic elution (relative to its unlabeled standard), and heightened analytical reliability.

¹³C-MFA or ¹³C metabolic flux analysis is a stable isotope-assisted technique that is the gold standard for accurate and precise flux determination. Flux can be inferred utilizing stable isotope-labeled tracers in combination with mass spectrometry (MS) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

Yes, CIL provides additional testing on many of our products as a service to our customers. Please view the Product Quality Designation chart for a description of the different grades.

They are tested in the bulk form at release. Subsequent aliquots are not retested and guaranteed upon receipt of order. Microbiological testing does not imply suitability for any intended use.

Yes, CIL can produce cGMP-grade material that is suitable for clinical trials. Please contact us to discuss your project.

hey are tested in the bulk form at release. Subsequent aliquots are not retested and guaranteed upon receipt of order. Microbiological testing does not imply suitability for any intended use.

The –MPT products are tested for S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Salmonella sp., aerobic bacteria, yeast, mold, and for bacterial endotoxins.

For most products, the limit is <10 cfu/g for aerobic bacteria, yeast, and mold. These products also “pass” for S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Salmonella sp.

Most products have an LAL specification of <0.25 EU/mg, but some can be different (<0.125, <0.03, <0.01, etc). The actual LAL results are reported on the lot-specific CoA.

Yes, CIL has the capabilities to perform additional testing on most products. This should be reviewed and quoted prior to order. An additional fee may apply.

Yes, CIL can produce cGMP grade material that is suitable for clinical trials. Please contact us to discuss your project.

Agmenelum quadriplicatum

Agmenelum quadriplicatum

Agmenelum quadriplicatum

Agmenelum quadriplicatum

CIL offers a variety of key metabolite standards in 0.1 mg. That 0.1 mg represents the smallest unit size. See our Small Package Sizes flyer for a listing and reach out should this unit be required for your metabolite of interest.

Yes, provided they can be synthesized through enzymatic and/or chemical means. Please submit your request to your local sales representative/distributor or complete the on-line Custom Synthesis form. Structure(s), desired quantities, and labeling pattern(s) (if applicable) are required. We will contact you shortly thereafter regarding its feasibility.

The lyophilized amino acid mix in NSK-A (and NSK-A1) should be dissolved in 1 mL of 50:50 purified water:methanol and the carnitine/acylcarnitines in NSK-B (and NSK-B-G1) in 1 mL of purified methanol. Following the solvent addition, each vial should be vortexed manually for 1 min then auto-vortexed for 30 min (or longer until fully solubilized).

Yes, the chemical purity of each component (as stated on the CoA) is reviewed at time of formulation and the gravimetry is adjusted as necessary to compensate for chemical purity.

The concentrations presented in the “Concentration by Gravimetry” column of the CoA should be used to represent the actual concentration of each component after reconstitution.

"-SL" is used as an indicator for Silantes products distributed by CIL.

For each kit, one peptide/protein and three transitions per peptide.

The SIS and NAT mixes enable eight-point curves that span a 1000-fold concentration range. Each calibrant level is to be measured in singleton.

Supplied with the kits are chemicals/reagents and a USB of product documents. Please see the QC kit and BAK flyers for details (above).

The kits have been optimized on specific LC-MS platforms (see QC kit and BAK flyers for details). The validated methods are provided with the kits in an instrument file, while the transition (in MRM analysis) or precursor ion (in PRM analysis) details are provided in a Skyline file for data analysis. These files are supplied, together with the user manual, on a USB along with the chemicals/reagents. Note that while the kits are optimized for specific LC-MS platforms, the kits are extendable to other platforms following minor parameter optimizations.

The proteins have been linked to innumerable diseases (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative). Specific linkages can be provided upon request.

es. The BAK-270 is complemented by an additional 145 proteins of moderate-to-low abundance. Please see the PeptiQuant Plus Biomarker Assessment Kits flyer for panel details.

Yes, we have the ability to customize. We would first review feasibility and then provide a quotation on your specific protein. To start this process, please provide the necessary details on the Custom Synthesis Request form or contact your local sales representative.

No. This tagging approach can be applied to metabolites as well for quantification of amine-containing metabolites in biological samples.

Peptide purity refers to the chemical purity, while net peptide content refers to the quantity of GSH or GSSG relative to nonrelevant material (e.g., residual water).

In sparse labeling, only a random fraction of the carbon atoms in the protein are labeled. This helps solid-state experiments because it removes strong, one-bond couplings (i.e., two ¹³C atoms next to each other), which give rise to large peaks that obscure smaller, long-range couplings (more helpful in obtaining structural information). 2-¹³C and 1,3-¹³C₂ glycerols are the most popular carbon source; 1- ¹³C and 2-¹³C glucose are also popular.

Only E. coli and yeast cells can be used.

Isotopically enriched iron, sulfur, and lithium carbonate are the most commonly purchased elements/compounds. These are supplied in mg of element quantities.

Yes. For example, several products containing elemental boron and its compounds cannot be shipped to China and Hong Kong as they represent restricted products under the ECCN 1C011 and 1C225 regulations. Since other elements/compounds may be controlled in certain countries, please inquire for further details.

Yes, please inquire.

White mineral oil. Prior to use, the oil can be removed by washing with solvent (e.g., petroleum ether).

Yes, CIL offers cGMP and research grades of ¹³C urea.